The in vitro effects of purified and specific cytoplasmic pollen extract on dopaminergic and GABAergic systems

Background: Women during hormonal transitional phases present an increase in mood disturbances. Recently, purified and specific cytoplasmic pollen extract (PureCyTonin®), a natural non-hormonal alternative, has proven to be effective to treat symptoms during perimenopause, and menopause especially vasomotor ones. However, its effects on mood disturbances still need further study. Objective: To investigate the potential in vitro effects of the pollen extract on dopaminergic and GABAergic systems in order to be proposed as an alternative to treat symptomatic midlife women and other brain-related symptoms. Method: In vitro experiments were performed to evaluate the effects of pollen extract on dopamine and GABA uptake, as well as GABA_A and dopamine D_2S receptor binding. Results: Pollen extract inhibited both dopamine and GABA uptake in a concentration-dependent manner (mean IC₅₀ = 79.5 µg/mL and 137 µg/mL, respectively). It also displaced [³H]-muscimol from GABA_A receptors, suggesting potential allosteric modulation. Contrary to this, pollen extract showed moderate affinity for D_2S receptors (≥1000 µg/mL). These mechanisms might enhance neurotransmitter tone in hormone-sensitive brain regions. Conclusion: Purified and specific pollen extract modulates dopaminergic and GABAergic systems in vitro and help restore neurochemical balance across hormonal transitions, supporting its non-hormonal beneficial role in managing mood, sleep, and somatic symptoms with a safety profile. There is a need for further research in this regard in the clinical setting.