Relación de la periodontitis con el parto prematuro

Introduction: Periodontitis in maternity is a predominant condition that causes adverse effects during pregnancy, since it has an association with oral health status. Objective: The aim of the study was to decribe the relationship of periodontitis with preterm delivery. Methods: A literature review was carried out to analyze the relationship between periodontitis and preterm birth, using the PICO strategy with published articles, basically between 2017 and 2022 in the databases of PubMed and Google Scholar. Results: It was evidenced that poor periodontal health of pregnant women is an important risk factor for low birth weight of the baby and that treatment of periodontal disease during pregnancy can improve birth outcomes. Furthermore, that the risk of preterm delivery is higher in women with periodontitis, and the risk of a low birth weight newborn is high. Conclusions: It is concluded that the risk of preterm delivery is higher in women with periodontitis and the consequences are direct on the uterus due to bacteremia. More is needed to fully understand the relationship between periodontitis and preterm delivery, as well as to evaluate appropriate preventive and therapeutic interventions to reduce the risk of preterm delivery in women with periodontitis.