Osteoporotic hip fractures in older adults in Ecuador 2016

Objectives: To ascertain the incidence of hip fractures in Ecuador in 2016, to determine whether there were variations according to geographic region, residence or season of the year. Materials and methods: Epidemiological, descriptive and retrospective study. The Hospital Discharges Yearbook of Ecuador was used to determine the number of people aged 60 or more hospitalized for hip fracture from January 1 to December 31, 2016. To calculate the incidence per 100,000 inhabitants/year, the Ecuadorian population projection of the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (CEPAL) was used as a denominator for the year 2016. The incidence standardized by age was calculated by the direct method using 2 reference populations: 1) the one of 60 or more years for America Latina made by the Latin American and Caribbean Demographic Center (CELADE) in 2016; 2) with the population of Ecuador in 2010. Results: In total, 2,054 people were hospitalized with hip fracture diagnosis (1,470 women and 584 men) in 2016. The crude annual incidence was 123 cases per 100,000 inhabitants/year (74.6 per 100,000 men/year and 165.8 per 100,000 women/year). The age-adjusted incidence increased exponentially with age in both sexes. It was greater in women. The standardized incidence with with the population of Latin America was 165.4 and 80.1 per 100,000/year, in women and men respectively. In-hospital mortality was 5.1% and 3.8% in women and men, respectively. Conclusions: The incidence of hip fractures is greater in women than in men, there being an exponential increase with age, more evident after 80 years. There were no differences by geographical region. In comparison with developed countries and other Latin America countries, incidence of hip fractures was lowest in Ecuador.