Marine Microbial Bioremediation of Heavy Metal Contaminants in Waste Water for Health and Environmental Sustainability: A Review

Heavy metal pollution is result of large-scale industrialization and continuous anthropogenic activities which lead to cause severe environmental concern. Marine pollution is on rapid progress in recent years due to release of heavy toxicity induced by heavy metal pollutants and has become serious global threat for environmental security reasons. Bioremediation of marine heavy metal pollutants via marine microbial diversity is one of the most sustainable, adaptable and promising approach. Due to huge and versatile diversity, marine microbial diversity has capability to remediate the harmful heavy metals pollutants in the sea water and transform them into simple non-toxic products. Emphasis on the type of heavy metal pollutants remediation, marine microbial diversity and their mode of actions are the important points which need to be included in current research scenario and may be helpful towards more effective remediation of heavy metal pollutants in sea water. Therefore, the goal of this review paper has been set to explore the scope of marine microbial diversity, availability and their mode of action for the efficient bioremediation of heavy metal pollutants in the marine environment.