Protective Effect of Salvia cadmica on Fibroblast Cells from t-bhp-induced Oxidative Damage

Background: Salvia species known as "Sage" are among the important aromatic plants used in the world. This study, it was investigated the antioxidant capacity of Salvia cadmica and to investigate its protective effect on oxidative damage in t-BHP-induced fibro-blast cells. Methods: Antioxidant activity and phenolic characterization of the extract were evaluated using DPPH, TPC, TFC, FRAP, and HPLC, respectively.TAS, TOS, MDA and 8-oxo-guanine, CAT, SOD, and GPx values were examined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELI-SA). The antiproliferative and apoptosis effects of Salvia cadmica ethanolic extract were de-termined using XTT assay and fluorescent probes in fibroblast cells. Results: As a result of GC-MS analysis of Salvia cadmica ethanolic extract, carvacrol content was found to be high. The IC₅₀ value of the DPPH antioxidant assay of the Salvia cadmica ethanolic extract was 80 ± 0.51 µg/mL. TPC, TFC, and FRAP values were found to be 18.25 ± 0.64 (mg gallic acid/g powder), 1.691±0.314 (mg quercetin/g powder), 31.5 ± 0.10 (mg Trolox/g powder), respectively. Total antioxidant and TOS values were found to be 0.383±0.033 (mmol Trolox Equ L^-1), 16.31±0.71 (µmol H₂O₂ L^-1) for 0.25 mg/mL, and 0.725±0.05 (mmol Trolox Equ L^-1), 12.02 ±0.56 (µmol H₂O₂ L^-1) for 0.5 mg/mL. In addition, while CAT and GPx significantly decreased enzyme activities, no significant change was observed in SOD enzyme activity. Ethanolic Salvia cadmica extract exhibited apoptotic features compared to only the t-BHP group. Conclusion: These results suggest that Slavica cadmica extract works through a free radical mechanism.